Cost Considerations in Penile Implant Surgery from a Global Perspective.

purpose of reviewThis review evaluates global trends, economic considerations, and recent innovations in penile prosthesis surgery for erectile dysfunction (ED). It aims to examine rising procedural costs, disparities in accessibility, and strategies to enhance affordability particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). RECENT

findingsDespite its cost-effectiveness and high patient satisfaction, penile prosthesis surgery remains underutilized due to increasing costs and inconsistent insurance coverage. In the U.S., a shift toward ambulatory surgical centers may help reduce procedural costs. Low-cost devices like the Shah Malleable Prosthesis have improved accessibility in LMICs but face limited global adoption due to regulatory and evidence gaps. Broader health system reforms and novel tools such as predictive digital models may further mitigate economic barriers. Penile prosthesis implantation is a durable and effective treatment for ED but remains financially inaccessible to many patients worldwide. Reducing costs through outpatient surgery, insurance expansion, and validated low-cost devices can improve global access. Future progress requires coordinated policy reform and investment in scalable, equitable care pathways.