Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41708699›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Research on drowsiness detection in UAV operators based on the random decision forest method.

Konrad Wojtowicz, Przemysław Wojciechowski, Adrian Panasiewicz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Konrad WojtowiczFaculty of Mechatronics, Armament and Aerospace, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland. konrad.wojtowicz@wat.edu.pl.
Przemysław WojciechowskiFaculty of Mechatronics, Armament and Aerospace, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
Adrian PanasiewiczFaculty of Mechatronics, Armament and Aerospace, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Drowsiness poses a significant risk in safety-critical operations such as operating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). While behavioral indicators like eye closure and head pose are effective for detection, the interpretability of complex models remains a challenge. This work employs a Random Forest model not merely as a classifier, but as a diagnostic tool to analyze dataset biases and feature correlations in drowsiness detection. Using established benchmarks, we demonstrate how this interpretable framework provides actionable insight into feature importance and model decision boundaries. The analysis offers a method to audit training data and informs the more reliable application of high-performance black-box systems. Our approach underscores the value of model transparency for developing robust, trustworthy drowsiness detection in operational environments.

Indexed as

DrowsinessFacial featuresFatigue detectionFlight safetyPilotUAV

Identifiers

PMID41708699
PMCPMC13013694

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.