Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41708342›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2026

Medical versus science students: Knowledge, perceptions and learning of core pharmacology concepts.

Zina Alfahl, Rachel Lynch, Cara O'Dwyer, John P Kelly

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Zina AlfahlAntimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Ecology Group, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9557-1732
Rachel LynchDiscipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Cara O'DwyerDiscipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
John P KellyDiscipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsPharmacology is a core discipline underpinning both medical and biomedical science education, essential for understanding drug action, safety and therapeutic efficacy. This study compared pharmacology knowledge, perceptions and learning experiences between second-year medical and science students to evaluate how effectively each curriculum supports acquisition of internationally defined core pharmacology concepts.

methodsA mixed-methods design was employed, involving pre- and post-module surveys and curriculum mapping against the global pharmacology core concept framework. Quantitative data were analysed using chi-squared tests, while qualitative responses were evaluated thematically. Participants included students enrolled in MD214 Introduction to Pharmacology (medical) and PM208 Fundamental Concepts in Pharmacology (science) at the University of Galway.

resultsMedical students demonstrated stronger baseline and post-module understanding of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles, particularly in applied pharmacokinetics such as drug-drug interactions and variability in drug response. Science students showed significant improvement over time, reflecting effective conceptual learning. Both cohorts reported positive perceptions of module relevance and teaching effectiveness (mean scores 7.7-8.9/10) and moderate to high confidence in mastering core concepts. YouTube and textbooks were the most common supplementary resources. Curriculum mapping showed alignment with 23 of 24 core concepts in the medical module and 20 in the science module.

conclusionsMedical students exhibited greater initial competence and perceived relevance, whereas science students benefited substantially from targeted instruction. Findings highlight the value of concept-based, contextually integrated pharmacology teaching and support continued curriculum development guided by international core concept frameworks.

Indexed as

Education, Medical, UndergraduateHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticePharmacologyStudents, MedicalCurriculumFemaleHumansLearningMalecore conceptscurriculum developmentmedical educationpharmacology educationscience studentsundergraduate education

Identifiers

PMID41708342
PMCPMC13304246

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.