ArticlePoultry science2026
A novel dual-target fusion vaccine simultaneously targeting WFBI and WFBII components elicits synergistic protection against Eimeria necatrix.
Article in Poultry science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria species poses a significant threat to the global poultry industry. Gametocyte antigens essential for oocyst wall biogenesis represent promising targets for transmission-blocking vaccine development. In this study, the E. necatrix gam82 gene (1650 bp) was cloned, encoding a 549-amino acid protein. A truncated fragment (amino acids 258-464) enriched in tyrosine‑serine-rich regions (amino acids 258-442) was expressed in Escherichia coli, yielding the recombinant protein rEnGAM82-T. Western blot analysis demonstrated that rEnGAM82-T exhibited strong immunoreactivity and cross-reacted with convalescent sera from E. necatrix, E. maxima, and E. acervulina infections. Immunofluorescence assay confirmed that EnGAM82 is specifically localized to wall-forming body type II (WFBII) during gametogony and subsequently incorporated into the developing oocyst wall. To evaluate protective efficacy, chickens were immunized with rEnGAM82-T or a fusion protein rEnGAM82-T-22 combining WFBII- and WFBI-derived antigens. Immunization with rEnGAM82-T significantly alleviated clinical symptoms, reduced intestinal lesions and oocyst shedding, and improved growth performance, with the medium-dose group (100 μg/bird) achieving moderate protection (ACI = 160.82). Notably, the fusion protein rEnGAM82-T-22 conferred superior protection at a lower dose (50 μg/bird; ACI = 161.21), demonstrating synergistic effects by simultaneously targeting both inner and outer oocyst wall components. In conclusion, EnGAM82 is an immunogenic WFBII-localized gametocyte antigen potentially involved in oocyst wall formation. The enhanced protection achieved by the multi-component fusion protein provides valuable insights for the rational design of next-generation transmission-blocking vaccines against avian coccidiosis.
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