Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41707054›Full record

ArticleJournal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID2026

Factors Associated With Social Inclusion and Labour Status in People With Intellectual Disabilities, From Urban and Rural Areas of Peru.

Alicia Boluarte Carbajal, Gina Chávez-Ventura, Sebastian Enrique Lezcano De La Cruz, Angel Christopher Zegarra López

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Alicia Boluarte CarbajalUniversity Cesar Vallejo, Lima, Peru.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8316-8065
Gina Chávez-VenturaUniversity Cesar Vallejo, Lima, Peru.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-3487
Sebastian Enrique Lezcano De La CruzNational University of San Marcos, Lima, Peru.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1023-900X
Angel Christopher Zegarra LópezLima University, Lima, Peru.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5873-745X

Funding

Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica C001-2018-FONDECYT-BM-I-3
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities face obstacles to their social-labour inclusion due to factors that must be identified in the Peruvian context.

methodsA total of 542 people with intellectual disabilities were recruited, including 250 from urban areas and 292 from the jungle. Sociodemographic information, quality of life, adaptive behaviour, caregiver burden, and risk of maltreatment were collected from caregivers, who served as the primary source of data. Two models were proposed: social inclusion and employment status, as dependent variables. In both cases, region was considered as a grouping variable to control for random intercepts.

resultsThe caregiver burden, along with gender, age, employment status, and self-care were predictors of social inclusion, whereas age, social inclusion, verbal communication, and self-determination were predictors of employment status.

conclusionsThe factors identified will allow improving interventions or public policies for the benefit of people with intellectual disabilities and their families.

Indexed as

EmploymentIntellectual DisabilityRural PopulationSocial InclusionUrban PopulationAdolescentAdultCaregiversFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPeruYoung Adultadaptive behaviourfactor scoresintellectual disabilityoccupational inclusionpredictorssocial inclusion

Identifiers

PMID41707054
PMCPMC12916083

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.