Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41706701›Full record

ArticlePloS one2026

'It is a lifeline': International cross-sectional survey of benefits, barriers and acceptability of online yoga during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Tina Cartwright, Lindsay Metcalf, Vipin Wadhen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Tina CartwrightPsychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3416-468X
Lindsay MetcalfPsychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom.
Vipin WadhenPsychology, School of Law, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Kingston University London, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesYoga is associated with physical and mental health benefits. Online delivery may increase access to these benefits, yet limited research has examined its effectiveness and acceptability. This cross-sectional study explored the perceived benefits, barriers, and acceptability of online yoga among a large, global sample of practitioners and teachers during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. A secondary aim was to assess the psychosocial health of practitioners.

methodsA total of 1,185 participants (511 yoga students, 586 yoga teachers) completed an online survey assessing sociodemographic characteristics, yoga dosage, perceived benefits and barriers, and psychosocial health indicators (social isolation, depression, anxiety, and stress). Open-ended responses were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis to identify perceived challenges and benefits of online yoga.

resultsParticipants reported low levels of stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms compared to general population norms during the pandemic. Hierarchical regressions showed small but significant associations between yoga practice and mental health. Controlling for age and gender, days per week was associated with lower depression (β = -.10, p = .011) and years of practice with lower anxiety (β = -.07, p = .045). Age was inversely associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. Both quantitative and qualitative data indicated that the benefits of online yoga outweighed its barriers. Key reported benefits included social connectedness, increased accessibility and convenience, improved mental and physical health, and opportunities for personal practice. Reported barriers included reduced group connection, limited personalized guidance, and practical challenges related to technology and the home environment.

conclusionsThis mixed-methods study offers novel insights into the perceived effectiveness and limitations of online yoga from both student and teacher perspectives. Interpreted through the COM-B model, findings highlight key barriers and facilitators that can inform the future design and delivery of online and hybrid yoga interventions in a post-pandemic context.

Indexed as

COVID-19YogaAdultAnxietyCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionFemaleHumansInternetMaleMental HealthMiddle AgedPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Stress, PsychologicalSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID41706701
PMCPMC12915962

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.