ArticlePloS one2026
Three-year functional, physical, and mental health outcomes after critical COVID-19: A prospective multicentre cohort study.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04974775 (Swecrit Biobank - Blood Samples From Critically Ill Patients and Healthy Controls), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Swecrit Biobank - Blood Samples From Critically Ill Patients and Healthy Controls
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe understanding of recovery after critical COVID-19 beyond the first year is limited.
objectivesTo describe changes in functional, physical, and mental health outcomes between 1 and 3 years among survivors of critical COVID-19 and to identify factors associated with incomplete recovery at 3 years.
methodsA prospective multicentre cohort study of survivors of critical COVID-19 with follow-up at 1 and 3 years. The primary outcome was functional outcome, assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE), which ranges from 1 to 8, with scores of 6 or less indicating incomplete recovery. Secondary outcomes included return-to-work, physical and mental Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), life satisfaction, fatigue, psychological symptoms (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder), and respiratory symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with incomplete recovery (GOSE ≤ 6) at 3 years.
resultsAmong 191 of 210 eligible participants, functional outcome declined from 1 to 3 years, and participants with incomplete recovery increased from 32% to 45%. Worse outcomes were observed in mental HRQoL, fatigue, depression, and post-traumatic stress, while return-to-work rates, physical HRQoL, life satisfaction, anxiety, and respiratory symptoms remained stable. Younger age [OR 0.70 (95% CI 0.54-0.91), p = 0.008] and higher Clinical Frailty Scale score [OR 1.54 (95% CI 1.04-2.28), p = 0.029] were independently associated with incomplete recovery at 3 years.
conclusionsSurvivors of critical COVID-19 experienced a decline in functional outcome and worsening mental health between 1 and 3 years after ICU admission. Younger and frail survivors may require increased attention and support.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04974775, registered April 28, 2020.
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