ArticleClinical and experimental nephrology2026
Vulnerability and short clinical outcomes in patients on the deceased-donor kidney transplant waiting list.
Article in Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundWith prolonged waiting times for deceased-donor kidney transplantation (DDKT) in Japan, objective data on frailty among wait-listed patients are limited. We assessed frailty using body composition and nutritional measures to identify predictors of 1 year mortality or hospitalization.
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 134 patients on the DDKT waiting list starting December 2023. Body composition was assessed using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Nutritional indices, including Survival Index, Prognostic Nutritional Index, Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, and Nutrition Risk Index for Japanese Hemodialysis Patients, were calculated. Handgrip strength was also measured. Death or hospitalization within 1 year was defined as an event. Random forest and SHapley Additive Explanation analyses were used to identify predictors of event occurrence.
resultsAmong 134 patients (median age 58 years, 68% male), 40% had obesity, 24% had sarcopenia, and nearly 50% exhibited malnutrition. The median dialysis duration was 10 years. During 1 year, 34 events (25%) occurred: seven deaths and 27 hospitalizations secondary to infection, malignancy, or heart failure. The fat mass index/fat-free mass index (FMI/FFMI) ratio was the strongest event predictor, followed by low grip strength, reduced SMI, low Survival Index, and low phase angle. Age, comorbidity index, and several nutritional indices showed limited predictive contributions.
conclusionsA significant number of Japanese DDKT candidates demonstrated frailty characterized by obesity, sarcopenia, and malnutrition. Objective indicators, particularly FMI/FFMI, may aid in evaluating vulnerability and eligibility during registration and renewal. Integrating these measures into standardized national criteria may improve equity and outcomes in DDKT candidate selection.
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