ArticleJournal of bone and mineral metabolism2026
Osteoporosis risk with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors versus thiazolidinediones in older women with diabetes.
Article in Journal of bone and mineral metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThis study aimed to compare the risk of osteoporosis between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and thiazolidinediones (TZDs) in older women with type 2 diabetes (T2D). MATERIALS AND
methodsWe conducted a population-based cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance data. This study included women aged ≥ 55 years with T2D who used SGLT2is or TZDs between January 2022 and December 2023. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using propensity scores was employed to balance baseline covariates between SGLT2i and TZD users. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) were estimated using multivariable weighted Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsAmong 8,304 and 2,147 patients who initiated SGLT2i or TZD therapy, respectively, 5,358 SGLT2i and 1,169 TZD users were included in the Cox model. SGLT2i use was associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis than TZD use (aHR, 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69-0.89). The incidence rates of osteoporosis were 6.7 (95% CI 6.0-7.4) and 9.1 (95% CI 7.4-10.9) per 100 person-years for SGLT2i and TZD users, respectively. Compared with non-use, use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for 270-364 days and metformin in the year prior to follow-up were associated with higher osteoporosis risk (aHRs 1.25 [95% CI 1.01-1.55] and 1.31 [95% CI 1.10-1.55], respectively).
conclusionDespite concerns about a potential association between SGLT2is and reduced bone mineral density, our findings suggest a lower risk of osteoporosis with SGLT2is than with TZDs among older, likely postmenopausal women with T2D.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41706166What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.