Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41706155›Full record

ArticlePediatric radiology2026

Early ultrasound-based assessment of preterm white matter injury: association with MRI and neurological outcomes.

Janah May Oclaman, Felicia Tang, Natalie Chan, Katelin Kramer, Ari J Green, Dawn Gano, Fei Jiang, Kayla Cort, Yi Li, Bridget Elaine LaMonica Ostrem

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Janah May OclamanDepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Felicia TangDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Natalie ChanDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Katelin KramerDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Ari J GreenDepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Dawn GanoDepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Fei JiangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
Kayla CortDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Yi LiDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Yi.Li@ucsf.edu.
Bridget Elaine LaMonica OstremDepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA. bridget.ostrem@ucsf.edu.

Funding

Child Neurologist Career Development Program (CNCDP)K12NS098482 · NINDS · HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER · PI SCHLAGGAR, BRADLEY L · 2016 to 2025
$26.2M
NINDS NIH HHS K12 NS098482NINDS NIH HHS K12NS098482-06
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhite matter injury is a leading cause of neurodevelopmental impairment in premature infants. Timely initiation of novel therapies in clinical development will require early identification of clinically significant white matter injury. Head ultrasound is commonly obtained at 7 days and 30 days of life (DOL) to screen for brain injuries in premature infants.

objectiveTo determine if white matter injury severity on head ultrasound at 7 DOL and 30 DOL is associated with white matter injury severity on term-equivalent age MRI and with neurological outcomes through age 2 years. MATERIALS AND

methodsWe identified subjects via a search of the electronic health record for preterm infants born at ≤32 weeks gestational age (GA) with evidence of white matter injury in neuroimaging reports. Head ultrasounds at 7 days and 30 days and term-equivalent age MRIs were scored using established scoring systems by three expert readers, with final scoring established by consensus. We used ordinal logistic regression to determine the association between white matter severity on ultrasound and MRI. Multivariable models were adjusted for GA at birth and severity of intraventricular hemorrhage. Neurological outcomes (cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and neurosensory impairment) were determined by medical records review with a median corrected age at follow-up of 23.0 months.

resultsFifty infants with a median GA at birth of 27.1 weeks were included in our retrospective cohort. White matter injury severity on 7-DOL (odds ratio 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.6) and 30-DOL (odds ratio 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-2.0) ultrasound was independently associated with severity on MRI. Higher injury severity on 7-DOL ultrasound was associated with cerebral palsy (odds ratio 2.4, 95% CI 1.3-4.3), while higher injury severity on 30-DOL ultrasound was associated with both cerebral palsy (odds ratio 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.5) and neurosensory impairment (odds ratio 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.4).

conclusionPreterm infants with white matter injury on 7-DOL or 30-DOL head ultrasound are at elevated risk for white matter injury on term-equivalent age brain MRI and for future neurological impairment.

Indexed as

Brain InjuriesInfant, Premature, DiseasesMagnetic Resonance ImagingWhite MatterEarly DiagnosisFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureMaleRetrospective StudiesCerebral palsyNeuroimagingPremature infantWhite matter

Identifiers

PMID41706155
PMCPMC13212370

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.