ArticleNanoscale horizons2026
Subcellular nanoparticle trafficking investigated with label-free, live cell imaging.
Article in Nanoscale horizons, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Nanoparticle drug delivery systems have significant potential to transform precision medicine due to their ability to encapsulate a wide range of cargo, improve systemic circulation time, and enhance targeted delivery. These delivery properties can be further modified by altering the surface chemistry of the nanoparticle carrier. However, a gap remains in our understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying nanoparticle uptake, in addition to the subcellular trafficking kinetics. A comprehensive understanding of nanoparticle-cell interactions considering both the nanocarrier and the drug cargo has been challenging, in part due to technological limitations. Here, we present a robust imaging workflow to study long-term dynamics of nanoparticle delivery in live cells. We show that integration of holography and tomography enhances the study of live cells in a label-free environment and can be combined with intermittent fluorescence microscopy to assess nanoparticle uptake and delivery kinetics for up to 30 hours. We also describe a method to quantitatively characterize uptake of a library of fluorescently tagged lipid- and polymer-based nanoformulations without introducing cell or organelle markers. This application of dynamic fluorescent holotomography as a novel method to investigate nanoparticle uptake and cargo delivery highlights the expanding utility of multimodal, label-free, live imaging techniques.
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