ArticleOphthalmology science2026
Associations between Intraocular Pressure or Glaucoma Medication with Axial Length and Pathologic Myopia Incidence and Progression.
Article in Ophthalmology science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) and antiglaucoma medications on both the incidence and progression of myopic macular degeneration (MMD), posterior staphyloma and axial length (AXL) elongation in highly myopic (HM) eyes. Design: A retrospective multiethnic cohort study with cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Subjects Participants and/or Controls: Nine hundred eighty-eight HM eyes from 518 multi-ethnic subjects assessed at the Singapore National Eye Centre (2017-2022). Eyes with glaucoma or on existing IOP-lowering therapy were excluded from the primary analyses. Secondary cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses included eyes with glaucoma to explore medication effects. Methods: Intraocular pressure was measured with noncontact tonometry. Logistic and linear regression models assessed associations between IOP and MMD/staphyloma presence and progression and AXL elongation. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of progression, including effects of antiglaucoma medication use. Main Outcome Measures: Presence and progression of MMD and staphyloma, current AXL, and AXL elongation as determined by imaging and clinical examination. Progression was defined by changes in MMD grade, atrophic lesions, or structural staphyloma features over time. Results: In nonglaucomatous eyes, IOP was not significantly associated with the presence or progression of MMD, staphyloma, or AXL (all Conclusions: Intraocular pressure was not associated with pathologic myopia-related structural changes or AXL in HM eyes. In contrast, use of antiglaucoma medications was associated with reduced AXL elongation. These findings suggest the potential for IOP-independent pharmacologic modulation of AXL in HM eyes. Financial Disclosures: Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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