ArticleInnovative surgical sciences2026
Profiling of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in osteomyelitic bone tissue.
Article in Innovative surgical sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: Osteomyelitis (OM) represents a major clinical challenge in reconstructive surgery. It is characterized by chronic infection, impaired healing, and high treatment costs. Despite the high relevance, the local immune and regenerative microenvironment of infected human bone tissue remains insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to evaluate cytokine concentrations in osteomyelitic bone tissue. Methods: Bone samples were collected intraoperatively from patients with sternal, vascular, and posttraumatic OM and compared to noninfected control tissue. Cytokine concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, osteopontin, and SPARC were quantified in tissue homogenates by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Bacterial pathogens were identified using routine clinical microbiological diagnostics, and cytokine profiles were compared across the OM subgroups. Results: Pathogen identification revealed Conclusions: Cytokine profiling demonstrated simultaneous activation of inflammatory and regenerative processes in OM. The preserved regenerative marker profile across OM subtypes supports individualized surgical strategies even in chronic infections. Distinct correlation patterns between inflammatory and regenerative cytokines suggest differential regulation of immune and repair mechanisms within infected bone tissue.
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