Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41703503›Full record

ArticleBMC pediatrics2026

Outcomes and complications of invasive versus non-invasive respiratory support in extremely preterm infants: a retrospective study.

Huifen Chen, Ming Zhang, Dawei Wei, Shuang Zheng, Mengbin Zhang, Xingyu Bai, Yanxia Qiao

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Huifen Chen *Neonates Department, The fourth hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
Ming ZhangNeonates Department, The fourth hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
Dawei WeiNeonates Department, The fourth hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
Shuang ZhengNeonates Department, The fourth hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
Mengbin ZhangNeonates Department, The fourth hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
Xingyu Bai *Neonates Department, The fourth hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
Yanxia QiaoNeonates Department, The fourth hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China. chfhhwyl@126.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBecause the respiratory system of extremely/very preterm infants is immature, respiratory support is essential to their care; however, the effects of invasive and non-invasive ventilation modes on prognosis and complications remain controversial. The efficacy and safety of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP), and non-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (NHFOV) were to be compared in extremely/very preterm infants. 

methodsClinical data from 220 extremely/very preterm infants admitted between January 2024 and March 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. Infants were stratified by initial ventilation modality into the invasive group (AG, n = 87), the non-invasive NCPAP group (BG, n = 82), and the non-invasive NHFOV group (CG, n = 51); treatment outcomes and complications were compared. 

resultsThe CG had the shortest total ventilation time (8.5 ± 2.8 days), the lowest rate of reintubation (17.6%), and the highest weaning success rate (88.2%), all of which were superior to the other groups (P < 0.05); the AG had the highest incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (37.9%) and intracranial hemorrhage (13.8%) (P < 0.05). Mortality, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and sepsis incidence not statistically significant among the three groups (P > 0.05).

conclusionNon-invasive ventilation, especially NHFOV, was found to optimize treatment outcomes and reduce complications in extremely/very preterm infants; its preferential use was recommended.

Indexed as

Continuous Positive Airway PressureHigh-Frequency VentilationInfant, Extremely PrematureNoninvasive VentilationRespiration, ArtificialRespiratory Distress Syndrome, NewbornFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornMaleRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeExtremely preterm infantInvasive mechanical ventilationNasal continuous positive airway pressureNon-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilationVery preterm infant

Identifiers

PMID41703503
PMCPMC13014821

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.