Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41703246›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Shear performance of unreinforced masonry walls with door and window openings strengthened using welded steel mesh.

Mohamed Ghalla, Rabeea W Bazuhair, Ehab A Mlybari, Arsalan Mahmoodzadeh, Galal Elsamak, Saad A Yehia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Mohamed GhallaCivil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
Rabeea W BazuhairDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Ehab A MlybariDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Arsalan MahmoodzadehCenter of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq. m.arsalan@modares.ac.ir.
Galal ElsamakCivil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
Saad A YehiaCivil Engineering Department, Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Unreinforced masonry (URM) walls often exhibit poor seismic performance, particularly when openings interrupt the load path and create stress concentrations that significantly reduce in-plane shear capacity. This study investigates welded steel mesh (WSM) as a practical and economical strengthening solution for URM walls with openings. Eleven masonry panels-including solid walls and walls with central openings-were tested under diagonal compression (ASTM E519), examining various WSM configurations such as orthogonal, diagonal, partial, and full layouts. The strengthened walls showed marked improvements in ultimate load, stiffness, and energy absorption, with the full diagonal mesh providing the highest enhancement. Although openings reduced shear capacity by 49%, WSM reinforcement helped redistribute stresses and delay crack initiation. A validated finite element model supported a parametric study, which identified an optimal WSM ratio of 0.08% and showed that large openings significantly reduce strength. The results confirm WSM as an effective retrofit for improving URM seismic performance.

Indexed as

Diagonal compression testFinite element modelingMasonry openingsUnreinforced masonry wallsWelded steel mesh

Identifiers

PMID41703246
PMCPMC12979595

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.