Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41703150›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Do mandibular functional units exhibit inherent asymmetry in adults with a normal degree of chin deviation? A cone-beam computed tomography study.

Baraa Daraqel, Samer Mheissen, Li Cao, Dan Yang, Yumei Huang, Tianci Zhang, Leilei Zheng

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Baraa DaraqelDepartment of Orthodontics, Oral Health Research and Promotion Unit, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine. baraa.aqel@staff.alquds.edu.
Samer MheissenPrivate Practice, Anderson, USA.
Li CaoDepartment of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
Dan YangDepartment of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
Yumei HuangPrivate Practice, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Tianci ZhangDepartment of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
Leilei ZhengDepartment of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the inherent asymmetry of mandibular functional units and to compare the degree of asymmetry between adults with different sagittal skeletal patterns. Ninety CBCTs scans of normodivergent adults with a normal degree of chin deviation, representing different sagittal skeletal patterns (Classes I, II, and III) were included; 30 each. Three-dimensional mandibular models were generated, and volumetric and linear bilateral measurements were obtained for the hemimandible and the condylar, coronoid, ramus, angular, alveolar, body, and chin units. The degree of asymmetry was presented using the asymmetry index (AI) and between groups measurements were compared using ANOVA test and GEE model. The mean AI values were significantly higher than 0% across all measurements for all sagittal skeletal patterns. Volumetric measurements yielded higher overall AI values than linear measurements (3.55 ± 3.6 vs 1.83 ± 1.74, P < 0.001). Negative and positive correlation values were found between mandibular units, thus supporting the theory of compensatory mechanism of the mandible. In all groups, the coronoid process volume and angular unit length exhibited the highest degree of asymmetry, whereas the total body length and hemimandibular volume showed the lowest. No significant differences were found in the AI of volumetric or linear measurements between sagittal skeletal patterns (P > 0.05). Mandibular functional units exhibited a degree of asymmetry in adults from different sagittal skeletal patterns.Clinical Relevance: This study quantifies the inherent asymmetry and compensatory mechanisms in mandibular functional units of adults with normal chin deviation.

Indexed as

Cone-Beam Computed TomographyFacial AsymmetryMandibleAdultChinFemaleHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalMaleYoung Adult3DAsymmetryCone-beam computed tomographyFunctional unitsMandible

Identifiers

PMID41703150
PMCPMC13013913

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.