Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41702952›Full record

ArticleScientific data2026

Global 0.05° Grid-Based Dataset of Keyhole Imagery with Spatio-Temporal Indicators (1960-1984).

Tao Wang, Xinle Zhang, Mulin Shan, Mingyuan Deng, Jiaheng Wang, Huanjun Liu, Hao Li, Jinyu Sun

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Article in Scientific data, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Tao WangSchool of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
Xinle ZhangCollege of Information Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
Mulin ShanSchool of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
Mingyuan DengSchool of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
Jiaheng WangSchool of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China.
Huanjun LiuState Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China.
Hao LiSchool of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China. lihao@lcu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8484-2058
Jinyu SunState Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China. sunjinyu@iga.ac.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The American satellite reconnaissance program (Keyhole imagery) is serving as a significant data source for geoscience research because of its high-resolution and early temporal coverage, while lack of spatial and temporal description of its uneven distribution could hinder researchers from selecting/accessing appropriate the Keyhole images. Here we introduce a global grid-based dataset that organizes declassified U.S. Keyhole imagery (1960-1984) for direct reuse, built on a global equal-area sinusoidal grid. This dataset standardizes scene metadata and provides indicators designed to inform study design and data integration: coverage count (how often a place was imaged), unique acquisition dates (temporal sampling richness), first/last observation year (temporal bounds), observation span (duration), peak observation year and a three-year window (temporal concentration), resolution class (C1-C3), temporal-coverage class across five five-year intervals, and resolution-coverage class (A-G) for multi-scale availability. This dataset enables users to quickly locate usable scenes, assess temporal suitability, combine historical images with modern satellites, and determine which non-free images to purchase if free images were unsuitable for their research.

Identifiers

PMID41702952
PMCPMC13021963

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.