ArticleBlood advances2026
CD19 CAR T-cell outcomes in relapsed/refractory extramedullary B-ALL: a multisite, retrospective cohort review.
Article in Blood advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of acute leukemia, version 2.0.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Guideline
- Emerging CAR-Treg and regulatory T cell therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review of a new era of treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- CD19/CD22 bivalent CAR T cells in children, adolescents and young adults with B-ALL: final phase 1 trial results.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- CD19 CAR T cells for B-ALL with EMD.Blood advances · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
abstractCD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CD19-CAR) are effective at eradicating bone marrow (BM) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), but efficacy data for the treatment of extramedullary leukemia are lacking. We conducted a multisite, retrospective review of 308 children and young adults who received CD19-CAR and report efficacy in patients with active central nervous system (CNS) disease (CNS cohort, n = 36), active non-CNS extramedullary disease (EMD; n = 21), or isolated BM disease (iBM; n = 251) at infusion. The overall survival (OS) at 24 months in the iBM, EMD, and CNS cohorts was 71.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 66.0-77.6), 66.7% (95% CI, 49.3-90.2), and 57.0% (95% CI, 42.6-76.3), respectively (P = .032); the corresponding event-free survival (EFS) was 51.8% (95% CI, 45.8-58.6), 45.8% (95% CI, 28.2-74.4), and 35.2% (95% CI, 22.4-55.3) (P = .035). All patients with isolated EMD (n = 5) achieved complete response and did not relapse. Eight patients (80%) with isolated CNS disease (n = 10) had clearing of the CNS, and 3 (37.5%) subsequently relapsed. Concurrent EMD or CNS disease with high BM disease burden (HD) was associated with inferior outcomes when compared with low BM disease burden (LD) in terms of OS (EMD-HD, 41.7% vs EMD-LD, 100%; P = .005; CNS-HD, 33.3% vs CNS-LD, 92.3%; P = .001) and EFS (EMD-HD, 8.3% vs EMD-LD, 100%; P< .001; CNS-HD, 14.3% vs CNS-LD, 63.6%; P< .001). In summary, CD19-CAR may be an effective option for relapsed/refractory B-ALL with active EMD or CNS disease, but concurrent HD predicts inferior outcomes, prompting consideration of enhanced preinfusion evaluation and treatment.
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