Trial reportThe Journal of infectious diseases2026
Impact of COVID-19 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy on Subsequent Vaccine-Elicited SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses.
Trial report in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04952402 (SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses After COVID-19 Therapy and Subsequent Vaccine), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The trial behind it
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SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses After COVID-19 Therapy and Subsequent Vaccine
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Authors and funding
26 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHow anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) change subsequent vaccine responses remains uncertain.
methodsWe conducted a prospective, phase IV, open-label study of adults who received mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2. Cohort 1 included outpatients with acute COVID-19 previously randomized to mAbs (tixagevimab/cilgavimab or amubarvimab/romlusevimab), camostat, or placebo in ACTIV-2/A5401. Cohort 2 included unvaccinated adults without reported prior COVID-19 and was analyzed as naive or non-naive by baseline neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). We measured binding IgG, nAbs, spike-specific memory B cells, and CD4+/CD8+ T cells at baseline and days 28, 56, and 140.
resultsForty-three participants were analyzed. At day 140, nAb titers were lower among prior mAb recipients and COVID-19-naive participants than among placebo/camostat recipients and those with evidence of prior infection (overall P = .018). RBD-specific, but not spike-specific, memory B cells were reduced after prior mAb therapy at days 56 and 140. Frequency of spike-specific CD4 + and CD8+ T-cell responses did not differ by prior mAb exposure. Adverse events were mostly grade 1-2 and consistent with vaccine trials.
conclusionsPrior anti-SARS-CoV-2 mAb treatment limits endogenous RBD-focused B-cell responses to later mRNA vaccination without measurably affecting T-cell immunity. Timing of vaccination after mAb therapy may matter and warrants study. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT04952402.
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