ArticleVeterinary record open2026
Protective effect of snail secretion filtrate in an in vitro model of mastitis.
Article in Veterinary record open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Protective effect of snail secretion filtrate in an in vitro model of mastitis.Veterinary record open · 2026Article
- Modulation of the endocannabinoid system reduces inflammatory signalling in canine mammary carcinoma cells.Veterinary record open · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Bovine mastitis is inflammation of the mammary gland mainly caused by bacterial infections, with relevant economic costs and implications related to antibiotic resistance. In light of the increasing demand for sustainable therapies, this study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of snail secretion filtrate (SSF) from the species Methods: Bovine mammary cells (MAC-T) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to induce the inflammatory process. The cells were then treated with SSF to analyse its effects on oxidative stress, production of inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β), expression of enzymes associated with inflammation such as inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cytoprotection as heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Results: Snail secretion filtrate significantly reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS. Furthermore, it positively modulated the expression of iNOS and COX-2, reducing their levels and increasing the expression of HO-1, suggesting a cytoprotective action. Conclusions: Snail secretion filtrate was effective in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in an in vitro model of bovine mastitis. The results suggest the potential use of SSF as a natural and sustainable remedy, in line with the One Health approach.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.