Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41700061›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2026

Ethnic-specific effects of the LILRB2-LILRB5 locus and newly identified risk loci for Alzheimer's disease in the East Asian population.

Han Cao, Ziyu Zheng, Xiaopu Zhou, Masataka Kikuchi, Hiu Yi Wong, Elaine Y L Cheng, Bonnie W Y Wong, Ronnie M N Lo, Maryam Shoai, Joyce R Chong and 15 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Han CaoDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Ziyu ZhengDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Xiaopu ZhouDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Masataka KikuchiDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Hiu Yi WongDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Elaine Y L ChengDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Bonnie W Y WongDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Ronnie M N LoDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Maryam ShoaiDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
Joyce R ChongDepartment of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Andrew L T ChanDivisions of Neurology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Christopher ChenDepartment of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Linda C W LamDepartment of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Vincent C T MokGerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of Dementia, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Timothy C Y KwokTherese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of Dementia, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Japanese Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Yu ChenDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Fanny C F IpDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Kin Y MokDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Akinori MiyashitaDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Takeshi IkeuchiDepartment of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
John HardyInnoHK Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Amy K Y FuDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Nancy Y IpDivision of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Daniel and Mayce Yu Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2763-8907

Funding

AMED JP25dk0207060Areas of Excellence Scheme of the University Grants Committee AoE/M-604/16Fidelity Foundation FIF20RD01Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric Disorders 2023B1212120004Guangdong Provincial Fund for Basic and Applied Basic Research 2019B1515130004InnoHK Initiative of the Innovation and Technology Commission of the HKSAR GovernmentInnovation and Technology Fund for State Key Laboratory ITCPD/17-9JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 25K02262National Medical Research Council Singapore Translational Research Investigator Award MOH-000707-00Research Grants Council of Hong Kong Collaborative Research Fund C6027-19GFResearch Grants Council of Hong Kong General Research Fund HKUST16102824Research Grants Council of Hong Kong General Research Fund HKUST16103122Research Grants Council of Hong Kong General Research Fund HKUST16104624Research Grants Council of Hong Kong Theme-Based Research Scheme T13-605/18WSIAT-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain Science JLFS/M-604/24
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionGenome-wide association studies have identified numerous Alzheimer's disease (AD) susceptibility loci in European populations. However, the genetic architecture of AD in non-European populations remains underinvestigated.

methodsWe performed a genetic association study in East Asians (N = 8514) to validate known AD loci and identify new susceptibility loci.

resultsWe identified LILRB2-LILRB5 as an AD susceptibility locus with ethnic-specific effects between Europeans and East Asians. The lead variant, rs587709-T, was associated with decreased AD risk and increased LILRB5 expression in Europeans. Conversely, in East Asians, the same allele was associated with increased AD risk and increased LILRB2 expression. Furthermore, genome-wide analysis identified TTC3 and FAM135A as candidate susceptibility loci for AD or cognition. DISCUSSION: The results establish LILRB2-LILRB5 as a cross-ancestry AD-associated locus with ethnic-specific genetic mechanisms and reveal new susceptibility loci, extending the understanding of the genetic etiology of AD.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseEast Asian PeopleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseMembrane GlycoproteinsReceptors, ImmunologicEuropean PeopleFemaleGenetic LociGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMalePolymorphism, Single NucleotideMembrane GlycoproteinsReceptors, Immunologiccognitive declinegenome‐wide association studiespaired immunoglobulin‐like receptors Bquantitative trait locitrans‐ethnic

Identifiers

PMID41700061
PMCPMC12910251

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.