Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41699728›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2026

How digital stress affects academic procrastination and subjective well-being: mediating effect of ego depletion.

Ali Acaray

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Ali AcarayFındıklı School of Applied Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Türkiye. ali.acaray@erdogan.edu.tr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe increasing prevalence of digital media tools and applications may influence aspects of university students’ lives. Excessive use of these digital applications is associated with increased stress and potentially adverse outcomes related to academic achievement. This study examined the effect of digital stress on academic procrastination and psychological well-being, and whether ego depletion played a mediating role in these relationships.

methodsThe hypotheses formulated for this purpose were tested within the framework of the analysis of data collected through a survey using a quantitative research design. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2025 using convenience sampling to collect 768 data points from undergraduate students enrolled in university programmes in Rize, Türkiye. Hayes’ Process macro was used for the mediation analysis.

resultsThe effect of digital stress subdimensions on academic procrastination is positive and significant. The effect of digital stress on psychological well-being (excluding availability stress and online vigilance) is negative and significant. Ego depletion plays a mediating role in both the effect of digital stress on academic procrastination (excluding availability stress) and psychological well-being (excluding availability stress). The effect of academic procrastination on both psychological well-being and academic achievement is negative and significant. Psychological well-being has a positive and significant effect on academic achievement.

conclusionThe results of the current study show that students are negatively affected by digital stress. Digital stress increases ego depletion, which delays the fulfilment of important academic responsibilities. It can also undermine students’ positive perceptions of their lives. These effects may also stem from ego depletion. Consequently, students may be susceptible to the detrimental impact of digital media tools when striving for academic achievement. The study offers theoretical and practical recommendations for researchers and university administrators.

Indexed as

Academic SuccessEgoProcrastinationPsychological Well-BeingStress, PsychologicalStudentsAcademiaAdultCross-Sectional StudiesDigital MediaFemaleHumansMaleTurkeyUniversitiesYoung AdultAcademic achievementAcademic procrastinationDigital stressEgo depletionPsychological well-being

Identifiers

PMID41699728
PMCPMC13041470

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.