ArticleBMC medical informatics and decision making2026
Longitudinal multi-modal data prediction model for mild cognitive impairment by deep survival analysis.
Article in BMC medical informatics and decision making, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundTimely prediction of cognitive decline in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is crucial for guiding optimal therapeutic interventions. In this study, we aimed to develop a deep survival analysis model that leverages longitudinal, multi-modal data to estimate the probability of dementia conversion, thereby facilitating personalized treatment planning in clinical practice.
methodsWe employed a deep neural network model specifically designed for survival analysis to predict the progression from MCI to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The model integrated longitudinal biomarkers, including neuropsychological assessments and neuroimaging measures, along with baseline demographic characteristics and genetic risk factors, using data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database.
resultsThis study enrolled 922 baseline MCI patients for analysis. The predictive performance was evaluated using a test set at time intervals [Formula: see text] = 1, 2, 3, 4 years from the landmark time s = 1. The prognostic model exhibited outstanding predictive capability, attaining cdAUC values of 0.9089 ± 0.01 alongside BS of 0.1651 ± 0.01 with [Formula: see text] = 1 year on the test set, when all variable sets were incorporated into the time-dependent Cox survival neural network (tdCoxSNN) model. Through feature significance evaluation, the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) emerged as the most influential predictive element.
conclusionsBy systematically integrating diverse longitudinal biomarkers, we developed a dynamic prediction model for MCI using deep survival analysis. This approach enables accurate individual risk stratification, facilitates the early identification of high-risk individuals, and supports informed, personalized clinical decision-making.
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