Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41699472›Full record

ArticleBMC plant biology2026

Effects of drought duration on terpene profiles, physiological responses, and terpene-related gene expression in rosemary.

Doaa Bahaa Eldin Darwish, Mohammed Ali, Fathia A Soudy, Elsayed Elazazi, Aesha H Abdel Kawy, Rania M Makki, Maha Aljabri, Nadiah Al-Sulami, Naeema A Yahya, Muhammad Zayed

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Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Doaa Bahaa Eldin DarwishBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
Mohammed AliMaryout Research Station, Genetic Resources Department, Desert Research Center, 1 Mathaf El-Matarya St., El-Matareya, Cairo, 11753, Egypt.
Fathia A SoudyGenetics and Genetic Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, 13736, Egypt.
Elsayed ElazaziEcophysiology Unit, Plant Ecology and Range Management Department, Desert Research Center, 1 Mathaf El-Matarya St., El-Naam, Cairo, 11753, Egypt.
Aesha H Abdel KawyEcophysiology Unit, Plant Ecology and Range Management Department, Desert Research Center, 1 Mathaf El-Matarya St., El-Naam, Cairo, 11753, Egypt.
Rania M MakkiDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80141, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Maha AljabriDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia.
Nadiah Al-SulamiDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80141, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Naeema A YahyaGenetic and Cytology Unit, Genetic Resources Department, Desert Research Center, 1 Mathaf El-Matarya St., El-Matareya, Cairo, 11753, Egypt.
Muhammad ZayedDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32511, Egypt. mhdzayed@science.menofia.edu.eg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1314-4794

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Drought is a major environmental constraint limiting plant growth and productivity. This study investigates the effects of drought on rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.) plantlets subjected to 5, 10, and 15 days of irrigation withholding, with control plants watered regularly every five days. Growth, physiological parameters, and antioxidant enzyme activities were examined. The results revealed reductions in chlorophyll content. Antioxidant enzyme activities—including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and secondary soluble peroxidase (SPO)—increased, whereas phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) decreased. Furthermore, the types and quantities of terpenes and other phytochemical compounds produced by rosemary plantlets under drought stress at different time points were analyzed using GC–MS. A total of 710 phytochemical compounds were identified across the following samples: control 5 days, control 10 days, control 15 days, drought 5 days, drought 10 days, and drought 15 days. Overall, the total percentage of monoterpenes decreased under drought, whereas sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, and triterpenes increased. Additionally, RT-qPCR was used to quantify the expression of twelve terpene biosynthesis genes (SrBDH, SrGPS, SrFPPS, SrGGPP, SrCINS1, SrCINS2, SrTPS-Pin, SrHUMS, SrKSL2, SrFS2, SrCPS1, and SrTPS1) under drought conditions relative to the control, to elucidate the relationship between gene expression and terpene type and abundance. In summary, this study highlights the impact of drought on the composition of terpenes in S. rosmarinus plantlets, providing valuable insights that may be leveraged to enhance rosemary nutritional value and productivity under drought stress.

Indexed as

DroughtsRosmarinusTerpenesAntioxidantsDrought ResistanceGene Expression Regulation, PlantStress, PhysiologicalAntioxidantsTerpenesChromatograms/mass spectraLamiaceaMetabolic analysisQuantitative RT-PCRRosemarySecondary metabolismTerpenoid biosynthesisWater deficit

Identifiers

PMID41699472
PMCPMC12930892

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.