Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41699442›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2026

Response Inhibition in Autistic Adults: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study in Virtual Reality.

Anna Vorreuther, Nektaria Tagalidou, Katharina Lingelbach, Armin Hubert, Laura Bareiß, Tanja Nittel, Marc Ristau, Mathias Vukelić

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Anna VorreutherInstitute of Human Factors and Technology Management IAT, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
Nektaria TagalidouInstitute of Human Factors and Technology Management IAT, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
Katharina LingelbachApplied Neurocognitive Systems, Fraunhofer Institute For Industrial Engineering IAO, Stuttgart, Germany.
Armin Hubertauticon Deutschland GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
Laura BareißInstitute of Educational Science, Department of Teaching and Learning with Intelligent Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
Tanja Nittelauticon Deutschland GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
Marc Ristauauticon Deutschland GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
Mathias VukelićApplied Neurocognitive Systems, Fraunhofer Institute For Industrial Engineering IAO, Stuttgart, Germany.

Funding

BMBFGerman Federal Ministry for Education and Research
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionResponse inhibition, a core component of executive functioning, has been studied extensively in autism, though results depend substantially on task choice and design. This study investigated whether autistic and non-autistic adults differ in behavioral and neurophysiological responses during a visuospatial go/no-go task (GNGT) implemented in virtual reality (VR).

methodsParticipants (22 autistic, 10 non-autistic) completed a blocked go/no-go task in a VR environment, where stimuli appeared in varied spatial locations. Prefrontal hemodynamic responses were recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), along with reaction times (RTs) and error rates.

resultsBoth groups demonstrated slower RTs and fewer errors in no-go blocks compared to go blocks, with no significant group differences in behavioral performance. fNIRS analyses revealed significant right-lateralized increases in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) during no-go blocks in non-autistic adults only. Autistic adults showed no significant task-related modulation of prefrontal cortex activity. DISCUSSION: While behavioral performance was comparable across groups, only non-autistic participants showed task-related modulation of dlPFC activity. These findings highlight differential neural engagement during inhibition and illustrate the potential of fNIRS paradigms for examining the executive functioning of autistic individuals in VR.

Indexed as

Autistic DisorderDorsolateral Prefrontal CortexInhibition, PsychologicalAdultExecutive FunctionFemaleHumansMalePrefrontal CortexPsychomotor PerformanceReaction TimeSpectroscopy, Near-InfraredVirtual RealityYoung Adultautismfunctional near‐infrared spectroscopyinhibitionvirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID41699442
PMCPMC12909282

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.