Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41699354›Full record

ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2026

Mucosal Versus Submucosal Lymphovascular Invasion in Early Esophageal Cancer.

Nathaniel Deboever, Isha Khanduri, Michael Eisenberg, Reza J Mehran, Ravi Rajaram, David C Rice, Jack Roth, Boris Sepesi, Stephen G Swisher, Ara A Vaporciyan and 4 more

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Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Nathaniel Deboever *Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Isha Khanduri *Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Michael EisenbergDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Reza J MehranDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Ravi RajaramDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
David C RiceDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Jack RothDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Boris SepesiDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Stephen G SwisherDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Ara A VaporciyanDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Garrett L WalshDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Mara B AntonoffDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Dipen M MaruDepartment of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Wayne L HofstetterDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. whofstetter@MDAnderson.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn patients with resected early-stage esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) can be subdivided by deepest depth of detection (mucosal (mLVI) or submucosal (smLVI)), and as unifocal versus multifocal. We sought to evaluate these variables affect on disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS). These pathological LVI descriptors have not been thoroughly explored, and are not generally reported by pathologists.

methodsWe performed a single-institution review of patients with resected pT1 EAC to characterize focality and depth of LVI (mLVI or smLVI). Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to assess differences in DFS and OS between the groups.

resultsThe study group comprised 38 pT1 patients with LVI who were resected between 2001 and 2018. A control group of 196 pT1, LVI negative patients was used as comparison. There were 27 (71.1%) cases of mLVI and 11 (28.9%) smLVI cases. Eighteen (47.4%) exhibited a single focus of LVI, while nine (23.7%) and 11 (28.9%) patients were found to have 2-3 foci, and >3 foci of LVI, respectively. Patients with mLVI had similar DFS compared with those without LVI (p = 0.303), but those with smLVI had worse DFS (p = 0.024). Combining depth and extent of LVI showed that patients with deeper and/or a greater number of LVI foci have lower DFS (p = 0.045) and OS (p < 0.01) compared with patients with ≤1 focus of LVI.

conclusionsDepth and focality of LVI warrant further investigation as prognostic biomarkers in patients with pT1 EAC.

Indexed as

AdenocarcinomaEsophageal MucosaEsophageal NeoplasmsEsophagectomyAgedFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansLymphatic MetastasisMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm InvasivenessNeoplasm StagingPrognosisRetrospective StudiesSurvival Rate

Identifiers

PMID41699354

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.