ArticleNPJ microgravity2026
Fluid shifts are main drivers for microgravity simulation-induced immune-physiological changes: findings from the VIVALDI studies.
Article in NPJ microgravity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Integrative Study of Physiological Changes Induced by a 5-Day Dry Immersion, Used as a Ground-based Model to Mimic Weightlessness: a Pilot Study on 20 Healthy Female Volunteers (DI5-Women Study)
Standardization of the Dry Immersion Model Used as a Ground-based Model to Mimic Weightlessness. Phase 2: a 5-day Dry Immersion Study on 20 Healthy Male Volunteers (VIVALDI2)
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13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Microgravity strongly affects human physiology during spaceflight. Biological sex has not yet been sufficiently considered as a variable for spaceflight deconditioning. The VivalDI studies investigated physiological systems affected by 5-days dry immersion (DI) in females and males, with a focus on immune changes in this report. In both sexes proportions of peripheral granulocytes and NK cells were elevated during DI and T-cell numbers were reduced. Leukocyte activation and cytokine levels were moderately affected. Females showed a higher Torque-Teno-virus shedding at the end of DI. Noradrenaline concentrations increased during the study with sex-specific patterns. Hemodynamics suggest that immunological changes were caused by DI-induced fluid shifts. Moreover, male study participants' patterns were compared to a historical data set from a 5-days head-down-tilt bed rest (HDT-BR) study. Changes in leukocyte proportions and body fluid indicators were stronger in DI versus HDT-BR. These analyses indicate that fluid shifts primarily drive intervention-related immune-physiological differences, independent of biological sex. ClinicalTrials.gov, TRN: NCT05043974 and NCT05493176.
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Registered trials
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