ArticleScientific reports2026
Size dependent efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles in zinc biofortification of basmati rice.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Integrating multi-omics with regular analyses to elucidate the effects of ZnO nanomaterials on improving soybean quality.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Article
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12 authors.
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Abstract
Zinc (Zn) deficiency poses a significant global health concern, particularly in regions where rice is a staple food. Biofortification, the process of enhancing the nutrient content of crops, offers a sustainable solution. This study investigates the potential of soil applied zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) of different sizes (30, 40, and 95 nm) as an alternative to enhance Zn uptake, growth, and grain quality in two popular basmati rice cultivars (Pusa Basmati-1121 and Pusa Basmati-1509). Results showed that ZnO-NPs treatments performed significantly but among the various sizes, the 30 nm ZnO-NPs performed the best and increased the photosynthetic rate by 21.5–23.4%, stomatal conductance by 35.7–38.5%, chlorophyll a, b, and total content by 21.7–47%, and carotenoids by 38.2–46.2% compared to the control. Similarly, the performance of ZnO-NPs was significantly higher for metabolites especially protein, proline, and antioxidant enzymatic activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), particularly 30 nm ZnO-NPs increased the most by 18.1–36% compared to the control. Soil amendment with ZnO-NPs significantly (p < 0.05) improved root length, surface area, volume, and average root diameter compared to the control. Additionally, ZnO-NP treatment increased tillers per hill (46%), productive tillers per hill (25% ), panicle length (5–20%), grain weight per panicle (33.3–36.3%), and yield per hill (29.2–32.1%) over the control, with the 30 nm ZnO-NPs performing the best among the three sizes. Other sizes of NPs (40 and 95 nm) also showed a significant improvement in crop yield attributes. ZnO-NP soil amendment significantly increased Zn density in roots and grains, with the 30 nm nanoparticles resulting in the highest increase (~ 57%) in grain Zn content in both cultivars. Furthermore, soil amended with ZnO-NPs significantly (p < 0.05) reduced phytic acid content in the grains of both rice cultivars. These findings demonstrate that ZnO-NPs, especially in smaller sizes (30 nm), can serve as an effective nano-biofortification strategy, addressing Zn deficiency in rice . The long-term effects of ZnO-NPs on soil health, microbial balance, and nutrient cycling, as well as assessing bioaccumulation risks in ecosystems, could be examined in future studies.
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