Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41697996›Full record

ArticleAnalytical chemistry2026

Real-Time and Spatially Resolved Analysis of Ion (De)Intercalation in Nickel Hexacyanoferrate Nanofilms Using Plasmonic Electrochemical Microscopy.

Adaly Garcia, Samuel Groysman, Tiffany Smith, Matthew Serrano, Christian Martinez, Alston Tang, John Christopher Bachman, Yixian Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Analytical chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Adaly GarciaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.
Samuel GroysmanDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.ORCID 0009-0006-5008-6772
Tiffany SmithDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.
Matthew SerranoDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.
Christian MartinezDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.
Alston TangDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.
John Christopher BachmanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.
Yixian WangDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-8691-1128

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nickel hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF), a Prussian blue analog, is a promising electrode material for energy storage and ion separation technologies. Studying the ion (de)intercalation process in NiHCF films is critical because the reversible insertion and removal of ions into its crystal lattice governs the material's performance in applications such as sodium-ion batteries, electrochromic devices, and selective ion sensing. However, conventional analytical techniques are limited to bulk measurements, which average the electrochemical response and obscure the critical role of local heterogeneities, such as defects and grain boundaries. To overcome this, we employ plasmonic electrochemical microscopy (PEM), a technique that spatially resolves refractive index changes, to study NiHCF films with high resolution. We demonstrate the unique capabilities of PEM to monitor the electrodeposition process in real time, visualize heterogeneous ion (de)intercalation dynamics and their correlation with film thickness and local ion concentrations, and generate a spatially resolved electrochemical impedance map of NiHCF. This provides unprecedented insight into local charge transfer kinetics and establishes PEM as a powerful methodology for deconvoluting complex, localized phenomena in energy storage materials, paving the way for the rational design of more efficient electrodes.

Identifiers

PMID41697996
PMCPMC12961637

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.