ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2026
Common respiratory virus spectrum and epidemiological trends among children in Northwest China during the post-COVID-19 era.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo explore the epidemiology of common pediatric respiratory viruses among children in the post-COVID-19 era.
methodsRetrospective analysis of children with respiratory symptoms who visited our hospital between March 2023 and May 2025 was conducted. Influenza A/B (IAV/IBV) antigen testing was performed for 151,809 children; nucleic acid testing for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), and parainfluenza viruses (PIV) I-III was performed for 35,326 children. Demographic and laboratory data were analyzed.
resultsAcross two post-pandemic seasons, most viruses resurged; HMPV and PIV II peaked more prominently in season 2. RSV showed the highest positivity, whereas IAV had the most positive cases. RSV and PIV III predominated in infants; IAV, HMPV, and PIV I/II predominated in preschoolers; and IBV and ADV predominated in school-aged children. IAV, IBV, and the RSV shared a winter peak and summer trough, whereas the PIV subtypes displayed distinct seasonality. Clinically, IAV and IBV were associated mainly with acute upper respiratory infections; non-severe pneumonia was associated predominantly with RSV, ADV, HMPV, and PIVs. Coinfections were most frequent with ADV and HMPV and least frequent with IAV and IBV; the most common dual and triple coinfections were "RSV + ADV" and "RSV + ADV + IBV".
conclusionIn the post-COVID-19 era, the age distribution, seasonality, and coinfection patterns of pediatric respiratory viruses shifted. Viruses with high detection and coinfection propensities warrant strengthened surveillance and tailored control strategies.
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