ArticleJournal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie2026
Association between tooth agenesis and root morphology assessed by periapical radiographs : Retrospective cross-sectional observational study.
Article in Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the association between tooth agenesis and root morphology alterations.
methodsThis retrospective observational study initially analyzed 27,707 medical records of patients from radiological centers in southeastern Brazil. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1193 sets of periapical radiographs of maxillary incisors were selected from eligible patients aged between 8 and 30 years. The root morphology of the upper incisors was classified into five categories: normal, short, blunt, apically bent, or pipette-shaped, based on criteria established in the literature. In addition, missing teeth were recorded applying the tooth agenesis code (TAC). Two previously calibrated specialists analyzed the radiographs visually. Logistic regression with odds ratios (OR) estimated the associations between tooth agenesis and root alterations at a 5% significance level.
resultsPatients with any form of tooth agenesis were more likely to have pipette-shaped (i.e., roots with a narrow cervical third and gradual tapering toward the apex; OR = 7.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.23-11.72) or blunt (OR = 5.31; 95% CI 2.62-10.75) roots. Conversely, the agenesis group showed a significantly lower prevalence of normal roots than the group without agenesis (OR = 0.12; 95% CI 0.07-0.20).
conclusionRoot morphology alterations are strongly associated with tooth agenesis. This knowledge should be used for customized approaches and multidisciplinary strategies to minimize complications and improve treatment in this group.
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