Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41696650›Full record

ArticleACS medicinal chemistry letters2026

Characterization of the Formation of the Acyl Glucuronide Metabolite of 7-Carboxy-Cannabidiol in Human Liver, Kidney, and Intestinal Microsomes and

Keiann T Simon, Saron E Hailemariam, Eli Friedman, Yue Winnie Wen, Michael Freaney, Melissa Barker-Haliski, Nina Isoherranen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS medicinal chemistry letters, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Keiann T SimonDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0187-0246
Saron E HailemariamDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
Eli FriedmanDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
Yue Winnie WenDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2942-1226
Michael FreaneyDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.ORCID 0009-0001-5136-1565
Melissa Barker-HaliskiDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8175-0553
Nina IsoherranenDepartment of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9548-3126

Funding

Pharmacological Sciences SupplementT32GM007750 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI ATKINS, WILLIAM M · 1985 to 2023
$12.6M
Understanding Fetal Exposure to Cannabinoids Through In Vitro and In Vivo StudiesP01DA032507 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI UNADKAT, JASHVANT D · 2013 to 2023
$12.4M
Impact of Chronic Seizures on Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities in AD-Associated ModelsR01AG067788 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI BARKER-HALISKI, MELISSA LEIGH · 2020 to 2024
$1.9M
Drug Action, Metabolism and Kinetics Training GrantT32GM159560 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI WILLIAM M ATKINS, Libin Xu · 2025 to 2026
$746k
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG067788NIDA NIH HHS P01 DA032507NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007750NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM159560
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acyl glucuronides are common metabolites of carboxylic acids. They can be reactive and cause adverse events. The acyl glucuronide metabolite of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is abundant in humans after THC consumption but acyl glucuronide formation from the cannabidiol (CBD) metabolite 7-carboxy-cannabidiol (7-COOH-CBD) has not been previously described. Here, we identified and characterized both acyl and phenolic glucuronides of 7-COOH-CBD formed in human liver, kidney, and intestinal microsomes. The 7-COOH-CBD-acyl-glucuronide was mostly formed by UGT1A1 and UGT1A3, while the 7-COOH-CBD-phenolic-glucuronide was formed by UGT1A9. 7-COOH-CBD-acyl-glucuronide formation was also detected

Indexed as

acyl glucuronidecannabidiolmigrationtetrahydrocannabinolUGT

Identifiers

PMID41696650
PMCPMC12904473

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.