Preparation and Immune Protective Efficacy Evaluation of PCV2d Cap-COS Bioconjugate Candidate Vaccine.

Shuo Wang, Chen Li, Jianli Shi, Chang Liu, Chengxin Zhang, Xianjie Han, Shaojian Xu, Jun Li

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shuo WangKey Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Shandong Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Biologicals Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7015-4385

Chen LiKey Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Shandong Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Biologicals Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.

Jianli ShiKey Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Shandong Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Biologicals Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.

Chang LiuKey Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Shandong Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Biologicals Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.

Chengxin ZhangQingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266000, China.

Xianjie HanQingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266000, China.

Shaojian XuKey Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Shandong Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Biologicals Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.

Jun LiKey Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Shandong Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Biologicals Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3234-2446

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is one of the major pathogens currently threatening the global swine industry. The capsid protein (Cap) of PCV2 is a key antigen for developing subunit vaccines. In this study, we established a bioconjugation strategy using chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) to construct a covalently linked PCV2d Cap-COS complex via thiol-maleimide click chemistry. Immunization and challenge experiments in mice demonstrated that when formulated with JLC-3 adjuvant, the PCV2d Cap-COS complex induced stronger and more durable specific immune responses, significantly improved the average daily weight gain postchallenge, and effectively alleviated histopathological damage in the lungs and kidneys. These findings indicate that the PCV2d Cap-COS complex enhances both antigen structure and immunogenicity, offering a novel strategy and experimental evidence for developing high-efficacy PCV2d subunit vaccines.

Identifiers

PMID41696193

DOI10.1021/acsomega.5c11620

PMCPMC12903010

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.