ArticleFrontiers in sports and active living2025
Sleep disturbance and brain health in professional association footballers.
Article in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Brain health in association football: perspectives of professional players.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Sleep is a critical component of normal bodily function as well as for peak performance in athletes. This study examined the associations between quality and quantity of sleep, sleep disturbances, head injuries, and headaches in current and former association football (soccer) players in the United Kingdom (UK). Methods: An anonymous online cross-sectional survey was sent to members of the Professional Footballers' Association with questions relating to sleep, concussion history, and headaches. Results: The survey was completed by 600 participants (18 women, 582 men; aged 17-92 years, mean age 44.12 years ± 15.33 SD), comprising 195 current and 405 retired players. Significant clinical sleep disruption was reported in 17.0% of participants, with 22.5% achieving six hours or less of sleep per night. Odds ratios (OR) demonstrated that sleep disruption was associated with headaches [2.66 OR, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.61-4.38; Discussion: A large proportion of former and current footballers experience clinically significant sleep disturbance, which is significantly associated with headaches and concussion history. Further research is needed to explore the long-term relationship between brain health and sleep in this population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.