ArticleFrontiers in plant science2025
Integrated transcriptomic and metabolic profiling reveals the molecular mechanism of improved nitrogen metabolism in walnut (
Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: The practice of intercropping young walnut orchards with soybeans has emerged as a promising approach within the framework of sustainable agricultural management. However, the precise impacts of soybean intercropping on nitrogen metabolism in walnut roots remain insufficiently elucidated. Methods: In this study, 'Yuanlin' walnut and 'Longhuang 3' soybean were used as experimental materials, with two planting patterns established: walnut monoculture and walnut-soybean intercropping. A combination of metabolomics, transcriptomics (RNA-seq), and physiological index determination was employed to systematically investigate the regulatory mechanisms of nitrogen metabolism in walnuts under the intercropping system. Results and discussion: The results showed that the dry matter accumulation of both aboveground tissues and roots in intercropped walnuts was significantly higher than that in monocropped walnuts, with the root system had a distinct vertical growth advantage. The nitrogen content in aboveground portions during dormancy and in roots during the hard kernel stage and dormancy was markedly elevated compared to monoculture systems. Metabolomics analysis revealed that differential metabolites in walnut under intercropping are significantly enriched in the carbon-nitrogen metabolic pathways and nitrogen transmembrane transport pathways. RNA-seq analysis identified 3,978 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with significantly enrichment in the "nitrogen utilization" pathway. Furthermore, integrated analysis indicated that nitrogen metabolites may play a significant role in the walnut intercropping system. Key genes associated with nitrogen metabolism (
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