ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2025
Methyl coenzyme M reductase as a target for inhibition of methanogenesis in ruminants: challenges and opportunities.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Enteric methane from ruminants is a major source of greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions globally, and its formation also leads to a decrease in animals' productivity due to loss of dietary energy. Reducing enteric methane emissions is essential for mitigating greenhouse gas-driven climate changes while simultaneously enhancing ruminant production efficiency. Methanogens residing in the rumen are responsible for enteric methane production. They reduce carbon dioxide to methane with the help of hydrogen, thus playing a crucial role in global methane emissions. Methyl coenzyme M reductase (MCR) is a key enzyme in methanogens that catalyzes the final step of methanogenesis. This review consolidates information on MCR enzyme's structure, cofactor chemistry, and post-translational modifications (PTMs), followed by a critical appraisal of inhibition strategies using synthetic compounds like 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) and bromoethanesulfonate (BES) along with their mode of action. Modern
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