Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41694793›Full record

ArticleTremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.)2026

Copy Number Variant Duplications Associated with Essential Tremor.

Miranda Medeiros, Calwing Liao, Allison A Dilliott, Jay P Ross, Veikko Vuokila, Farah Aboasali, Charles-Etienne Castonguay, Dan Spiegelman, Franziska Hopfner, Carles Vilariño-Güell and 13 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Tremor pathophysiology.Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Miranda MedeirosDepartment of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0009-0000-7759-9486
Calwing LiaoDepartment of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-6169-7137
Allison A DilliottMontreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-3863-9304
Jay P RossDepartment of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8183-2524
Veikko VuokilaDepartment of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0009-0001-2825-8850
Farah AboasaliDepartment of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Charles-Etienne CastonguayDepartment of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Dan SpiegelmanMontreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Franziska HopfnerDepartment of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6524-0281
Carles Vilariño-GüellDepartment of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-5612-5940
Elena García-MartínUniversity Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UNEx, Caceres, Spain.
Hortensia Alonso-NavarroSection of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8644-2210
José A G AgúndezUniversity Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UNEx, Caceres, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-6895-9160
Félix Javier Jiménez-JiménezSection of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7558-7323
Pau PastorFundacióDocència i Recerca Mútua Terrassa, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
Alex RajputSaskatchewan Movement Disorders Program, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Ali RajputSaskatchewan Movement Disorders Program, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Günther DeuschlDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Gregor KuhlenbäumerDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Simon L GirardDépartement des Sciences Fondamentales, Universitédu Québec àChicoutimi, Saguenay, Québec, Canada.
Sali M K FarhanDepartment of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5936-0957
Patrick A DionMontreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Guy A RouleauDepartment of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-8403-1418

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is a complex neurological disorder with a strong genetic basis, yet there remains a disparity between its estimated heritability and currently known genetic risk. This missing heritability has led to a lack of appropriate treatments and has exacerbated the misdiagnosis of patients. Methods: To address the missing heritability of ET, we called copy number variants (CNVs) in a large cohort of ET patients (n = 1,853) and unaffected controls (n = 10,336). CNVs were called from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray data using PennCNV and QuantiSNP and only rare CNVs (frequency < 1%) intersecting protein coding regions of the genome were analyzed. To investigate whether CNV occurrence was associated with ET, global burden, pathogenicity burden, gene set enrichment, and gene burden tests were conducted. Results: Global duplication burden by CNV number, CNV length, and number of genes affected by CNVs were all significantly elevated in ET patients compared to controls. Across gene-sets, duplications affecting Mendeliome genes, genes highly expressed in the brain, and genes expressed in the cerebellum were significantly enriched in patients compared to controls. Gene-based burden testing indicated that duplications involving Discussion: Our results point to rare copy number duplications affecting protein coding regions of the genome as likely contributors to ET genetic risk. However, specific susceptibility genes could not be reliably identified, highlighting the need for larger studies of diverse variant types to clarify the genetic architecture of ET.

Indexed as

DNA Copy Number VariationsEssential TremorGene DuplicationGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseAgedFemaleHumansMalePolymorphism, Single NucleotideCopy number variantsduplicationsessential tremorgeneticsgenomicstructural variants

Identifiers

PMID41694793
PMCPMC12904121

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.