ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025
"Agentic fuel" and "Social dividends": a mixed-methods explanatory study of optimism as a mediator between gratitude, mindfulness, and psychological wellbeing among Chinese university EFL students.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: This study explored how gratitude and mindfulness contribute to psychological wellbeing (PWB) among Chinese university students, using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design to test a structural model and qualitatively examine the lived experiences behind the statistical pathways. Methods: In the quantitative phase, 481 EFL students (61.9% female, Results: The SEM results showed a good model fit, confirming optimism as a robust mediator. Gratitude (β = 0.36) and mindfulness (β = 0.29) significantly predicted optimism, which strongly predicted PWB (β = 0.60). Bootstrapping revealed that optimism fully mediated the mindfulness-PWB link (indirect β = 0.17, Discussion: These findings suggest that optimism is a key mechanism linking positive resources to wellbeing, though not exclusively. Mindfulness supports wellbeing by creating mental space for optimism, while gratitude operates dually, building optimism for future benefits and directly enhancing social-relational aspects of PWB in the present. Interventions should target these distinct mechanisms to optimize student wellbeing.
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