Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41694703›Full record

ArticleCommunications earth & environment2026

Diatom lipids open window to past ocean temperatures in the polar regions.

Simon T Belt, Lukas Smik, Denizcan Köseoğlu, Claire S Allen, Katrine Husum, Jochen Knies

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications earth & environment, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Simon T BeltBiogeochemistry Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1570-2924
Lukas SmikCentre for Resilience in Environment, Water and Waste, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Denizcan KöseoğluAltraFlora Natural Extracts Inc. Merkezefendi, Denizli, Turkey.
Claire S AllenBritish Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0938-0551
Katrine HusumNorwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-1380-5900
Jochen KniesGeological Survey of Norway, Trondheim, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-0114-5629

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sea surface temperature is a key indicator of climate change on Earth and is central to all related modelling endeavours. However, sea surface temperature is notoriously difficult to reconstruct accurately in the geological record, especially for the low temperatures of the polar regions, which occupy one-third of the world's oceans. Here we show that a sea surface temperature proxy based on two isomeric diatom lipid biomarkers can be applied to marine sediment archives to reconstruct temperatures in the range -1 to 14 °C for the Arctic and Antarctic using a single calibration. For both regions, our datasets span timeframes from recent decades to the Younger Dryas/Holocene, and we also showcase a 750 kyr record from the Fram Strait, the major gateway between the North Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean. We anticipate that this lipid biomarker-based proxy may become a standard component of the palaeoclimate toolkit, especially for the polar regions.

Indexed as

PalaeoceanographyPalaeoclimate

Identifiers

PMID41694703
PMCPMC12893907

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.