ArticleExperimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)2026
Causal effects of antibody-mediated immunity to pathogens on five ophthalmic diseases: a Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
While immune responses related to infections have been linked to ocular diseases, their causal role remains to be established. This study aimed to assess the causal relationship between antibody-mediated immune responses to infectious agents and five ocular conditions: chronic iridocyclitis (CIR), scleritis, wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glaucoma. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using GWAS data to assess causality between antibody responses to 46 pathogens and five ophthalmic diseases. The instrumental variables were Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Causal estimates were primarily generated via the inverse-variance weighted method, supplemented by MR-Egger and weighted median methods. A Bonferroni-corrected threshold of P < 2.17 × 10
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