Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41693746›Full record

ArticleNpj flexible electronics2026

A wireless implantable sensory ring for continuous airway stent migration tracking.

Ruijian Ge, Yusheng Wang, Carlos Negron, Hanwen Fan, Fabien Maldonado, Caitlin T Demarest, Victoria Simon, Yuxiao Zhou, Xiaoguang Dong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Npj flexible electronics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ruijian GeDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN US.
Yusheng WangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN US.
Carlos NegronDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN US.
Hanwen FanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX US.
Fabien MaldonadoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN US.
Caitlin T DemarestDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN US.
Victoria SimonDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN US.
Yuxiao ZhouDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX US.
Xiaoguang DongDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN US.

Funding

Wirelessly Actuated Ciliary Stent for Minimally Invasive Treatment of Cilia DysfunctionR21EB035200 · NIBIB · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI Xiaoguang Dong · 2024 to 2026
$617k
NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB035200
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Airway stents play a vital role in managing central airway obstruction (CAO) caused by lung cancer and other pulmonary diseases by providing structural support to collapsed airways and restoring airflow. However, complications such as stent migration often require urgent medical intervention while early monitoring is essential to reduce the risk. Regular monitoring through bronchoscopy requires anesthesia in the hospital, which causes pain and an economic burden on patients. Computed tomography involves risky radiation and lacks the ability to provide continuous, real-time feedback outside of hospital settings. Here we report a fundamental mechanism of wireless tracking based on magnetic field in a wirelessly powered sensory ring integrated on an airway stent. The sensory ring is designed for continuous, real-time monitoring of stent position and orientation. This sensory ring, integrating an on-board magnetic sensor, and a wearable magnetic field generation system, enable accurate localization by detecting the magnetic field generated externally. The sensory ring is powered wirelessly via a charging coil, ensuring long-term operation. Our system achieves tracking accuracy of 0.5 mm and 2.2 degrees, with a temporal resolution of 0.2 Hz. Beyond migration monitoring, the sensor also detects airway deformation, offering the potential to sense pathological changes associated with lung cancer and other pulmonary conditions. By eliminating the need for radiation-based imaging or bronchoscopy, this approach enables safe, long-term surveillance of stent patency and surrounding tissue conditions. The proposed sensing mechanism and platform are also adaptable in other organs, such as the esophagus, for monitoring stent migration and deformation.

Indexed as

DiseasesEngineeringHealth careMedical research

Identifiers

PMID41693746
PMCPMC12893901

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.