ArticleActa neuropsychiatrica2026
Sleep state is superior to resting state for heart rate variability assessment in major depressive disorder.
Article in Acta neuropsychiatrica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveLow heart rate variability (HRV) levels may be a susceptibility factor for major depressive disorder (MDD). Sleep-state HRV may be more likely to reveal the pathological features of MDD compared with resting state HRV (RS-HRV). This study aimed to elucidate HRV alterations in the sleep states of patients with MDD.
methodsPhysiological signal data from the resting state before sleep, first non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) stages, and last NREM and REM stages were acquired using polysomnography.
resultsThe RS-HRV indices (the standard deviation [SD] of all normal-to-normal [NN] intervals [SDNN], the square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of the differences between adjacent NN intervals [RMSSD], the percentage difference between adjacent NN intervals >50 ms [pNN50], high-frequency [HF], low-frequency [LF], very low frequency [VLF], SD1, and sample entropy [SampEn]) were lower in patients with MDD than in healthy controls (HCs). Patients with MDD had lower SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, HF, LF, VLF, SD1, SD2, and SampEn and higher SD2/SD1,
conclusionsPatients with MDD had a generalised reduction in HRV in both RS and sleep state and decreased dynamic changes during sleep. Altered autonomic nervous system activity has been implicated in MDD pathology.
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