Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41692840›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

The influence of genetic factors on education health and care plan obtainment for pupils with intellectual developmental disabilities.

Irene O Lee, Jeanne Wolstencroft, Harriet Housby, Marianne B M van den Bree, Samuel J R A Chawner, Jeremy Hall, Michael J Owen, IMAGINE ID Consortium, David H Skuse

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Irene O LeePaediatric Mental Health Sciences Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK. irene.lee@ucl.ac.uk.
Jeanne WolstencroftPaediatric Mental Health Sciences Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Harriet HousbyThe Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Marianne B M van den BreeCentre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Samuel J R A ChawnerCentre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Jeremy HallCentre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Michael J OwenCentre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
IMAGINE ID Consortium
David H SkusePaediatric Mental Health Sciences Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council, London, UK MR/T033045/1Medical Research Foundation Fellowship MRF-058-0015-F-CHAW-C0867Wellcome Trust Career Development Award 304028/Z/23/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that the Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP) obtainment for pupils with intellectual developmental disabilities (IDD) of genetic aetiology was influenced by genetic factors and their family's socioeconomic status. We recruited 2738 participants with IDD of genetic aetiology aged between 6-28 years old (mean age 14 years, 56% male). The data used included genetic inheritance information, primary special educational needs type, the age when the EHCP was granted, parental education level, free school meal eligibility and a family index of multiple deprivation score. Only 78% of participants were eventually granted EHCPs. Those with an inherited variant waited significantly longer and were less likely to receive an EHCP than those with a de novo variant. They were significantly more likely to be living in more deprived areas, and their parents had attained lower levels of education compared with those whose IDD was caused by an equivalent de novo genetic anomaly. This unique cohort study demonstrated that the obtainment of an EHCP in families seeking additional educational support for children with IDD of genetic origin is inequitable and is influenced by social and genetic factors.

Indexed as

Developmental DisabilitiesIntellectual DisabilityAdolescentAdultChildEducational StatusEducation, SpecialFemaleHumansMaleSocioeconomic FactorsYoung AdultEducation health and care planGenetic inheritanceInequalityIntellectual developmental disabilitiesParental education levelSocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID41692840
PMCPMC12996278

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.