Observational studyBMC pregnancy and childbirth2026
Association of weekend delivery and perinatal outcomes following cesarean delivery: a retrospective analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort study in China.
Observational study in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03220750 (University Hospital Advanced Age Pregnant Cohort), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
University Hospital Advanced Age Pregnant Cohort
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHigher maternal and neonatal mortality for women admitted to hospital on weekends than on weekdays was reported, but the associations in women delivered by cesarean remain unclear.
objectiveTo examine the association between weekday-weekend cesarean delivery and perinatal outcomes in singleton pregnancies, and to assess modification by hospital factors (obstetric size, annual delivery volume, and intensity of obstetrician).
methods9097 singleton pregnancies delivered by cesarean section in eight Chinese public hospitals from Jan2017 to May 2021 were included. Perinatal outcomes included postpartum hemorrhage, prolonged length of stay, preterm, and low birth weight, 5-minute Apgar score <7, and NICU admission. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).
resultsAmong cesarean pregnancies (mean [SD] age, 36.7 [3.8] years), the rate of preterm was 13.8% (weekend 16.7% vs. weekday 13.4%; P=0.002), low birth weight was 6.8% (weekend 8.7% vs. weekday 6.5%; P=0.005) and NICU admission was 6.7% (weekend 8.4% vs. weekday 6.4%; P=0.009). After adjusting for sociodemographic, complications, and hospital characteristics, weekend delivery was associated with increased risks of preterm ( aOR 1.67, 95% CI 1.39-1.99), low birth weight (aOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.30-2.06), and NICU admission (aOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.20-1.91). These associations may partly explained by conditions such as preterm labor or fetal compromise on weekends - often the reason for urgent cesarean delivery, rather than reduced quality of weekend care. Associations were stronger in high-volume, larger obstetric units, although interactions were not statistically significant.
conclusionsWhile weekend cesarean delivery was associated with higher odds of adverse neonatal outcomes, these findings should not be interpreted simply as "weekend effect." In the absence of data on surgical indication and urgency, residual confounding by case mix remains likely, rather than reduced care quality.
trial registrationNCT03220750, Registered July 18, 2017 - Retrospectively registered, https://classic. CLINICALTRIALS: gov/ct2/show/NCT03220750.
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