Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41692764›Full record

ArticleTrials2026

EEG as a diagnostic tool and therapeutic monitor in traumatic brain injury: a sub-study methodology from the hyperbaric oxygen treatment for veterans with traumatic brain injury randomized controlled trial.

Katherine F Walters, John M Templeton, Harry van Loveren, Fayyadh R Yusuf, Nathan D Schilaty

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06581003 (Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06581003 phase3recruitingnot on this map

Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of South FloridaRan2024 to 2029Enrolled420ConditionsTraumatic Brain Injury, Military OperationsArmsOxygen 99.7 %, Oxygen 21 %
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Katherine F WaltersMorsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
John M TempletonBellini College of Artificial Intelligence, Cybersecurity and Computing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Harry van LoverenMorsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Fayyadh R YusufDepartment of Neurosurgery, Brain & Spine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Nathan D SchilatyMorsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA. nschilaty@usf.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-7126

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly mild forms resulting from blast exposure, remains a diagnostic challenge among veterans due to delayed symptom onset and overlapping psychological conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder. Current diagnostic methods rely heavily on subjective assessments, contributing to underdiagnosis and inconsistent care. Electroencephalography (EEG) offers a non-invasive, real-time measure of cortical activity with high temporal resolution, making it a promising tool for objective TBI assessment. This sub-study, nested within a randomized controlled trial evaluating hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for veterans with TBI, investigates EEG as both a diagnostic modality and a therapeutic monitor.

methodsThis sub-study adopts the same triple-blinded, randomized, parallel-group design as the parent trial. Participants are veterans with mild to moderate TBI, randomized to receive either HBOT or a sham treatment. EEG data are collected at three time points: baseline (pre-treatment), midpoint (18-21 dives), and post-treatment (2 weeks after completion). EEG recordings are performed during standardized cognitive and motor tasks using a 32-channel wireless headset. Primary outcomes include event-related potential amplitudes and alpha-band spectral power, analyzed for longitudinal changes and group differences. Secondary outcomes include latency measures, spectral power across additional frequency bands, and functional connectivity metrics. Data are modeled using repeated measures analysis to assess treatment effects and individual trajectories. DISCUSSION: This sub-study aims to validate EEG as a scalable and objective tool for diagnosing and monitoring TBI in clinical settings. By identifying electrophysiological signatures associated with injury severity and treatment response, EEG may enhance diagnostic precision and support personalized care strategies. The integration of EEG within a larger therapeutic trial framework allows for comprehensive evaluation of its clinical utility. Findings may inform future protocols for TBI assessment and contribute to the development of neurophysiological biomarkers that complement existing symptom-based approaches.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT06581003 . Registered on 30 August 2024.

Indexed as

Brain Injuries, TraumaticElectroencephalographyHyperbaric OxygenationVeteransHumansPredictive Value of TestsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeBrain functionBrain injuryBrain wavesConcussionElectroencephalographyHyperbaricOxygenTraumaticVeterans

Identifiers

PMID41692764
PMCPMC13011740

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.