Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41692760›Full record

ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2026

The association between obstructive sleep apnea and frailty traits: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Jingning Huang, Yunqiu Chu, Xiaozhen Zhang, Zilu Shen, Chenyang Li, Xinyi Li, Yupu Liu, Jianyin Zou, Suru Liu, Kejia Wu and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Jingning Huang *Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yunqiu Chu *Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xiaozhen Zhang *Hospital Infection Control Office, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Zilu ShenDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Chenyang LiDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xinyi LiDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yupu LiuDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Jianyin ZouDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Suru LiuDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Kejia WuDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Weijun HuangDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xiaoman Zhang *Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. zhangxiaoman_2019@163.com.
Huajun XuDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Jian GuanDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Hongliang YiDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xiaoyue Zhu *Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. xyzhu0629@163.com.
Shankai YinDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing & Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities YG2024QNA36Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University YG2023LC11National Natural Science Foundation of China 82271153National Natural Science Foundation of China 82341242STI2030-Major Project 2021ZD0201900
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to explore the causal association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and frailty traits using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

methodsSummary data from large-scale European genome-wide association studies were used to assess the genetic link between OSA and frailty traits, including frailty index, appendicular lean mass, grip strength, and walking pace. Effect estimates were primarily evaluated using inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis, complemented by MR-Egger, weighted median (WM), simple mode, and weighted mode analyses. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess heterogeneity, outliers, and horizontal pleiotropy.

resultsForward MR analysis showed no significant effect of OSA on frailty traits. However, reverse MR analysis suggested that a higher frailty index was associated with an increased risk of OSA (IVW: odds ratio [OR], 1.777; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.137–2.777; p = 0.01) based on 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and a faster walking pace was identified as a protective factor against OSA (IVW: OR, 0.204; 95% CI, 0.104–0.399; p < 0.01; WM: OR, 0.368; 95% CI, 0.193–0.703; p < 0.01) based on 56 SNPs. No significant pleiotropy was detected, and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings.

conclusionOur MR study provided evidence that frailty traits may have a causal effect on OSA in the European ancestry population, with frailty index increasing the risk and walking pace acting as a protective factor.

Indexed as

FrailtySleep Apnea, ObstructiveGenome-Wide Association StudyHand StrengthHumansMendelian Randomization AnalysisPolymorphism, Single NucleotideWalking SpeedAssociationFrailtyMendelian randomizationObstructive sleep apneaSarcopenia

Identifiers

PMID41692760
PMCPMC13014778

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.