Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41692454›Full record

ReviewInternal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)2026

Complex Visual Hallucinations in Post-stroke Epilepsy: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Shugo Fujita, Genko Oyama, Hitoshi Kawasaki, Mariko Okada, Toshimasa Yamamoto

Abstract readCase ReportsReview
In one paragraph

Review in Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Shugo FujitaDepartment of Neurology, Saitama Medical University, Japan.
Genko OyamaDepartment of Neurology, Saitama Medical University, Japan.
Hitoshi KawasakiDepartment of Neurology, Saitama Medical University, Japan.
Mariko OkadaDepartment of Neurology, Saitama Medical University, Japan.
Toshimasa YamamotoDepartment of Neurology, Saitama Medical University, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We herein report an 82-year-old man with post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) who presented with persistent complex visual hallucinations (CVH) involving past episodic scenes. Electroencephalography revealed epileptic discharges in the right posterior temporal and parietal regions. The symptoms resolved with levetiracetam and were maintained with zonisamide. A literature review suggested that CVH may occur when epileptic activity spreads to non-dominant temporal or parietal regions. In conclusion, CVH may reflect visual memory and retention and can be accompanied by psychiatric symptoms. Improved recognition of CVH as a manifestation of PSE may help avoid misdiagnoses and lead to appropriate treatment.

Indexed as

EpilepsyHallucinationsStrokeAged, 80 and overAnticonvulsantsElectroencephalographyHumansLevetiracetamMaleAnticonvulsantsLevetiracetamcomplex visual hallucinationepilepsystrokevisual memoryvisual retention

Identifiers

PMID41692454
PMCPMC12979781

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.