Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41692404›Full record

ArticleHealth services research2026

Physical and Behavioral Health Diagnoses and Comorbidities Associated With Transition From Military Health System to Veterans Health Care Among Post-9/11 Veterans.

Nikki R Wooten, Megan E Amaun, Madeleine Myers, Prince N O Addo, Jeffrey Bowers, Felicia R Carey, Rudolph P Rull, Edward J Boyko, Nathaniel Bell, Ana DeFede-Lopéz and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health services research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Nikki R WootenCollege of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6319-8224
Megan E AmaunVA Salt Lake City Health Care System, George E. Whalen VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Madeleine MyersSchool of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Prince N O AddoCenter for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
Jeffrey BowersUnited States Navy, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Felicia R CareyDeployment Health Research Department, U.S. Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA.
Rudolph P RullDeployment Health Research Department, U.S. Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA.
Edward J BoykoVA Puget Sound, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Nathaniel BellCollege of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Ana DeFede-LopézCollege of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Mary Jo V PughVA Salt Lake City Health Care System, George E. Whalen VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Funding

Defense Health Program, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and DevelopmentHSRD VA IK6 HX003762RRD VA I01 RX003443U.S. Department of Defense W81XWH-13-2-0095U.S. Department of Defense W81XWH-18-PH/TBIRP-LIMBICU.S. Department of Defense W81XWH1920067U.S. Department of the Navy, Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research CenterU.S. Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research Sabbatical Leave FellowshipU.S. Department of Veterans Affairs I01RX003443U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs IHX002608AU.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Cooperative Studies Program #505U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, HSR&D Informatics, Decision-Enhancement, and Analytic Sciences (IDEAS) Center of Innovation CIN 13-414U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Patient Care Services #60002
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo identify factors associated with transitioning from Military Health System (MHS) to Veterans Health Administration (VHA) care in post-9/11 veterans. STUDY SETTING AND

designRetrospective cohort study from the Long-Term Impact of Military-Relevant Brain Injury Consortium Phenotype Study. DATA SOURCES AND ANALYTIC SAMPLE: Population-level data were analyzed from MHS and VHA electronic health data (FY2000-2020). Participants received ≥ 3 years of MHS care and separated from the military before October 1, 2016. The primary outcome was transition from MHS to VHA care after military separation. Covariates included demographic, military, and deployment characteristics at military separation; physical, mental, and substance use disorder (SUD) diagnoses, behavioral risk factors, and multimorbidity 2 years before military separation. PRINCIPAL

findingsAmong 1,594,869 post-9/11 veterans, 81.9% were male, 54.2% active-duty, and 48.8% were ages 25-34. Of the 78% that transitioned to VHA care, 70% had combat deployments, 17.5% were women, and 38.5% were Asian/Pacific Islander, Black, Hispanic, or Native American. Pain (55.8%) and smoking history (40.8%) were most prevalent 2 years before military separation. Post-9/11 veterans diagnosed with schizophrenia [average marginal effect (AME): 0.096, 95% CI: 0.0084-0.108] had a higher probability of transitioning to VHA care. Multimorbidity of TBI, PTSD, SUD, depression, or pain was associated with increased probability of transitioning to VHA care (AME: 0.043, 95% CI: 0.042-0.044). National Guard (AME: 0.089, 95% CI: 0.087-0.091) members transitioned more often than active duty members. Biracial/multiracial/multiethnic members (AME: -0.389, 95% CI: -0.395 to -0.383) had a lower probability of transitioning to VHA care.

conclusionsPost-9/11 veterans with multimorbidity and significant disease burden experienced more MHS-VHA care transitions. Biracial/multiracial/multiethnic members may benefit from enhanced care coordination between the MHS and VHA to reduce disparities and improve population health in post-9/11 veterans. Future research should examine MHS-VHA care transitions in service members treated for suicidality.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersMilitary Health ServicesVeteransVeterans Health ServicesAdultComorbidityFemaleHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesSubstance-Related DisordersUnited StatesUnited States Department of Veterans Affairscare transitionscontinuity of caremilitary medicinephysical and behavioral health comorbiditiesveterans' health care

Identifiers

PMID41692404
PMCPMC12906955

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.