Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41691360›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2026

Multimodal storytelling for neurodiverse learners: effects on engagement, social belonging, and oral communication skills.

Yanbo Ma, Arash Hashemifardnia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Yanbo MaLiaoning Shihua University, Fushun City, Liaoning Province, 113001, China.
Arash HashemifardniaAn Independent Researcher, Khouzestan, Iran. arashhashemi1184@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3909-5003

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To explore the potential contribution of multimodal storytelling to learner outcomes in inclusive educational settings, the present study investigated its effects on engagement, social belonging, and oral communication skills among neurodiverse middle school learners. Drawing on different learning theories, multimodal storytelling was conceptualized as a holistic instructional approach integrating visual, auditory, and textual modes to support diverse cognitive and linguistic profiles. Forty-three Persian EFL students aged 11 to 13 years (22 males, 21 females) participated and were assigned to an experimental group receiving multimodal storytelling instruction and a control group receiving traditional literacy instruction over eight weeks, using validated instruments. Pretest analyses indicated no significant differences between groups, suggesting baseline equivalence. Posttest results, however, revealed significant improvements for the experimental group across engagement, social belonging, and oral communication. Within-group analyses further showed substantial pretest-posttest gains in the experimental group (all p < .001), exceeding those of the control group, which demonstrated moderate but smaller improvements. These results indicate that multimodal storytelling improves behavioral and emotional engagement, strengthens feelings of social belonging, and enhances oral communicative competence among neurodiverse learners. The study also highlights the pedagogical value of multimodal storytelling as an inclusive and cognitively supportive approach aligned with UDL and sociocultural principles, providing empirical evidence that integrating multimodal resources and collaborative storytelling processes can create equitable and engaging learning experiences for students with diverse learning profiles, particularly in EFL contexts where such practices support multiliteracies and reduce communication barriers.

Indexed as

CommunicationLearningNarrationStudentsAdolescentChildFemaleHumansIranMaleSocial GroupSocial SkillsEngagementInclusive educationMultimodal storytellingNeurodiverse learnersOral communicationSocial belonging

Identifiers

PMID41691360
PMCPMC13032578

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.