ArticleEnvironmental microbiome2026
High nitrogen-induced changes in rhizosphere microbial community structure can modulate disease susceptibility to the rice blast.
Article in Environmental microbiome, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundNitrogen-induced susceptibility (NIS) in rice, where excess nitrogen (N) enhances vulnerability to Magnaporthe oryzae, has been observed but remains mechanistically unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the rhizosphere microbiome plays a central role in mediating NIS.
resultsUsing an experimental system that separates nitrogen effects from plant growth changes, we found that high N levels significantly reshape bacterial and fungal community composition, and suppressed defense-associated genes, including OsPAL06 and OsPR10b. Predicted functional profiling indicated enrichment of salicylate-degradation and secretion-related signatures under highN. Our findings revealed that both nitrogen treatment and pathogen infection significantly influence rhizosphere community composition, with a strong interaction between the two factors. Network analysis further revealed reduced microbial connectivity and loss of keystone taxa under high-N and infection conditions. Rhizosphere microbiome transplantation from high-N, infected donors to standard-N recipients reproduced the NIS phenotype and suppressed defense gene expression, supporting a microbiome legacy effect.
conclusionsThese findings suggest that excess N promotes rhizosphere microbiome configurations with immune-modulatory potential that can persist beyond the immediate nutrient regime. Our results position the rhizosphere microbiome as a determinant of NIS and support microbiome-informed, nutrient-aware disease management strategies.
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